Reliability and Maintenance Data Model reference

The RMDM deployment pack (dp:models:rmdm) provides a standardized data model for maintenance and reliability use cases in Cognite Data Fusion. It extends Cognite’s Core Data Model (CDM) and Industry Data Model (IDM) with maintenance, equipment, and failure-analysis concepts aligned with ISO 14224 and NORSOK Z-008. Deploy RMDM to establish a consistent foundation for troubleshooting, root cause analysis (RCA), and condition-based maintenance without designing a maintenance data model from scratch.

RMDM is a cherry-pickable module (dp:models:rmdm) inside the single Data models deployment pack (dp:models). “Data models” is one pack — selecting it in the Toolkit lets you choose the model(s) you need, such as RMDM, without deploying the others.

Who it’s for

Target personas:

Data engineers — deploy and configure RMDM with the Cognite Toolkit.
Data modelers — extend the maintenance and failure-analysis model.
Subject matter experts — reliability and maintenance engineers who own RCA and condition-based maintenance workflows.

Use this pack when:

You are setting up a new CDF project for reliability or maintenance use cases and need a standardized data model without building it from scratch.
Your project requires RCA, CBM, or failure analysis workflows.
You need to integrate maintenance data from CMMS platforms, historians, DCS systems, and engineering databases into a unified, queryable structure.
You are extending an existing CDF project with a standardized maintenance, equipment, and failure-analysis data model aligned with ISO 14224 and NORSOK Z-008.

When not to use this pack:

If your project is manufacturing-focused, use the ISA Data Model deployment pack instead.
If your project is oil and gas operations with AVEVA, SAP, and PI source systems, use the Oil and Gas Data Model deployment pack instead.

What’s included

Component	Description	Optional?
`rmdm`	Enterprise module — owns containers, views, space, and the composed RMDM data model. Deployed to the `rmdm` space. Treated as the durable contract.	No
Equipment views	Asset, Equipment, EquipmentClass, EquipmentType, and EquipmentFunction — extending CDM types (`CogniteAsset`, `CogniteEquipment`, `CogniteEquipmentType`, `CogniteDescribable`). Asset is the central navigation hub.	No
Maintenance views	MaintenanceOrder and Notification extending IDM types (`CogniteMaintenanceOrder`, `CogniteNotification`). Linked to equipment and failure analysis views.	No
Failure analysis views	FailureMode, FailureCause, FailureMechanism, and FailureNotification — ISO 14224 failure taxonomy as first-class views. FailureNotification extends Notification with failure mode, cause, and mechanism links.	No
Supporting views	TimeSeriesExtension (extends `CogniteTimeSeries`) and FileExtension (extends `CogniteFile`) — time series and document metadata linked to equipment and maintenance entities.	No

Prerequisites

Verify all of the following before you start:

Cognite Toolkit version 0.8 or later is installed. See Setting up.
A cdf.toml file exists in your project root. If it is missing, run cdf modules init and select Create toml file (required).
Authentication is configured and verified — run cdf auth init and cdf auth verify using a local .env file. See Authentication and authorization.
Your CDF project has Data Modeling enabled.

Install and deploy

You can add RMDM to an existing Toolkit project or start a new project from scratch.

Add to an existing project
Start a new project

Add the module from your project directory:

cdf modules add -d rmdm

In an empty directory, initialize a project:
cdf modules init .
In the interactive menu, choose Data models, use Space to select RMDM, then press Enter to confirm.

The Toolkit creates the module under modules/datamodels/rmdm/ and updates your config.<env>.yaml files. Then build and deploy:

Build deployment artifacts

cdf build

The Toolkit substitutes template variables and writes artifacts to the build/ directory. If you need to change the project name or any variables marked <change_me>, edit config.<env>.yaml first — see Configure, build, and deploy modules.

Dry-run the deployment

cdf deploy --dry-run

Inspect the output and confirm that configurations look correct before deploying.

Deploy to CDF

cdf deploy

The Toolkit deploys only configurations that have changed since the last run.

Set up CI/CD (optional)

For governed production deployments, automate build, dry-run, and deploy in a pipeline. See Set up CI/CD pipelines.

After deployment, your project should include:

modules/
└── datamodels/
    └── rmdm/

Verify the deployment

After deploying, confirm success with these checks:

The cdf deploy command finishes without errors and reports successful deployment of spaces, containers, views, and data models.
In CDF, navigate to Data Modeling > Spaces and verify that the rmdm space exists.
Navigate to Data Modeling > Data Models and verify that the RMDM data model is available.
Open the RMDM data model and verify that entities such as Equipment, FailureMode, FailureCause, and MaintenanceOrder are present.
Navigate to Data Modeling > Containers and verify that the expected RMDM containers have been deployed.
Navigate to Data Modeling > Views and verify that the expected RMDM views have been deployed.

The deployment is successful when the RMDM space, data model, containers, and views are visible in CDF and can be opened without errors.

Configuration reference

Parameters are set in config.dev.yaml at the project root. Default values work for an initial test deployment. Each parameter takes its default unless you override it. Where the default is —, you must provide your own value before deploying.

Parameter	Description	Default
`project`	CDF project external ID to deploy to.	—
`space`	CDF space for the RMDM data model — containers and views.	`rmdm`
`dm_version`	Version identifier for the RMDM data model.	`1_0_0`
`dataset_external_id`	CDF dataset used for resources and lineage tracking.	`ds_rmdm`

Architecture

RMDM is deployed as a single Cognite Toolkit module containing a dedicated space, data model, 13 containers, and 13 views. The module is schema-only — it defines the data structure and CDM/IDM extensions, and does not bundle transformations or a workflow. Data instances are populated separately using transformations or the CDF API once source systems are connected.

How the views connect

Asset is the central hub: it forms a self-referencing hierarchy (parent/children) and is referenced by equipment, maintenance orders, notifications, time series, and files. Equipment carries the equipment classification (EquipmentType, EquipmentClass), and the ISO 14224 failure taxonomy attaches through EquipmentClass.failureModes and through FailureNotification. The diagram below shows the direct relations between views, labeled with the property that defines each relation. The diagram shows direct relations only; the corresponding reverse relations (for example, Asset.equipment or Asset.maintenanceOrders) are the inverse of these edges. EquipmentFunction and FailureCause are standalone classification views — other views reference them as code or property values rather than through view relations.

CDM extensions (`cdf_cdm`)

View	Extends	Purpose
Asset	CogniteAsset	Central asset and functional location node — the navigation hub linking equipment, maintenance orders, notifications, and time series.
Equipment	CogniteEquipment	Physical equipment with class, type, function code, and service start date. Carries reverse relations to maintenance orders, time series, and files.
EquipmentType	CogniteEquipmentType	Standard equipment type definition linked from Equipment.
EquipmentClass	CogniteDescribable	ISO 14224 equipment class classification with code and description.
EquipmentFunction	CogniteDescribable	Functional category of equipment with code and description.
FailureMode	CogniteDescribable	ISO 14224 failure mode — the observable way in which equipment fails. Linked to failure notifications.
FailureCause	CogniteDescribable	Root cause classification for failure analysis. Linked from FailureNotification.
FailureMechanism	CogniteDescribable	Physical or chemical process that caused the failure. Linked from FailureNotification.
TimeSeriesExtension	CogniteTimeSeries	Time series data linked to equipment — sensor readings, process values, and historian data.
FileExtension	CogniteFile	Documents and file metadata linked to equipment and maintenance entities.

IDM extensions (`cdf_idm`)

View	Extends	Purpose
MaintenanceOrder	CogniteMaintenanceOrder	Maintenance work orders with scheduling, priority, and direct relation to Equipment.
Notification	CogniteNotification	Maintenance notifications linked to Asset.

Domain-specific views

View	Purpose
FailureNotification	Failure-specific notification extending Notification with direct relations to FailureMode, FailureCause, and FailureMechanism — the primary view for RCA and failure analysis workflows.

Key design decisions

Schema-only module. RMDM deploys the data structure and CDM/IDM extensions only — no transformations or workflow are bundled. This keeps the module lightweight and applicable across any source system combination. Transformations and a workflow can be added per project once the source schema is known. Single asset hierarchy via Asset. Only Asset implements CogniteAsset. All other entities (Equipment, MaintenanceOrder, FailureNotification) link to assets via direct relations, preserving a clean single-hierarchy navigation pattern in CDF applications. ISO 14224 failure taxonomy as first-class views. FailureMode, FailureCause, and FailureMechanism are independent views with their own containers — not properties on Notification. This allows reuse across multiple notifications and enables RCA aggregations across the failure taxonomy without duplicating data.

Troubleshooting

Symptom	Likely cause	Resolution
`cdf auth verify` fails with 401 Unauthorized	Missing or incorrect credentials in `.env` file.	Run `cdf auth init`, re-enter credentials, then re-run `cdf auth verify`.
Module not found during `cdf modules add`	`[library.cognite]` not configured in `cdf.toml`, or `[library.toolkit-data]` still present alongside it.	Replace `[library.toolkit-data]` with `[library.cognite]` in `cdf.toml`. The two sections cannot coexist.
`cdf deploy` fails with “Insufficient permissions”	Toolkit service account is missing required CDF capabilities.	Add `spaces:write`, `datamodels:write`, and `datasets:write` to the CDF group used by the Toolkit.
`cdf build` fails with validation errors	Project configuration issue or incompatible Toolkit version.	Review the build output and resolve reported errors. Ensure Toolkit version is 0.8 or later.
Views show no instances after deployment	No data has been ingested into the RMDM space yet.	RMDM deploys the schema only — populate instances using transformations or the CDF API once source data is available.

For issues not covered here, contact Cognite support.

Support

Field	Details
Team	Cognite Value Delivery Team
Documentation	Cognite product documentation
Questions and feedback	Deployment Packs group on Cognite Hub
Version	1.0.0
Last updated	2026

​Who it’s for

​What’s included

​Prerequisites

​Install and deploy

​Verify the deployment

​Configuration reference

​Architecture

​How the views connect

​CDM extensions (cdf_cdm)

​IDM extensions (cdf_idm)

​Domain-specific views

​Key design decisions

​Troubleshooting

​Support

Who it’s for

What’s included

Prerequisites

Install and deploy

Verify the deployment

Configuration reference

Architecture

How the views connect

CDM extensions (`cdf_cdm`)

IDM extensions (`cdf_idm`)

Domain-specific views

Key design decisions

Troubleshooting

Support